20-Year Height: 16 feet
Growth Rate: rapid
Growth Habit: single stem
Drought Tolerance: low
Shade Tolerance: intolerant
Flower: yellow
Foliage: green
Soils: adapted to medium soils
Wildlife Value: nesting and nuts good food source for mammals
Disease/Pests: thousand canker disease, parasitic nematodes, mistletoe, bacterial blight, white trunk rot, root rots 
Native to MT: no 
Other: heartwood is used for veneer and furniture, select hardy seed sources, produces edible nuts, allelopathic
Photo Credit: Herman, D.E. et al.; provided by ND State Soil Conservation Committee, USDA-NRCS PLANTS Database